Description
General information
Pinus nigra ssp. nigra
Austrian pine
Additive
(= P. nigra var. austriaca, P. austriaca)
Distribution
From Austria to central Italy, Greece and Yugoslavia, on medium deep to shallow, moderately nutrient-rich, well-drained, sandy or loamy soils, frequently on limestone.
Habit
Imposing, large conifer, when young broadly conical with chandelier-like, symmetrical branches, in maturity with a picturesque, broadly spreading, often umbrella-shaped, flattened crown. Fast growing.
Size
Height 20m-30m (45m), Breite 8m-10m (15m)
Bark
Deeply and coarsely furrowed, grey-black scaly bark, in maturity very decorative.
Needles
Evergreen, in pairs, distinctively dark green and stiff, prickly, 8 to 16 cm long
Cones
Cones are 5 to 9 cm long, almost symmetrical, light brown, empty cones are shed in spring.
Roots
Main roots are strong, deep.
Site
Sun.
Soil
Undemanding, on all dry to moist, well-drained, even nutrient-poor soils, acid to strongly alkaline, thrives even on humus-free, dry, hot limestone (karst regions on the Mediterranean).
Characteristics
Reliably frost tolerant, very good wind resistance, relatively tolerant of salt, unusually tolerant of heat and summer drought, withstands chronic exposure to atmospheric pollution by SO2, tolerates urban sites.
Utilisations
Solitary, ornamental tree.
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